Classical conditioning is a major concept in psychology that emerged as an attendant to the behaviorism school of thought. The latter envisioned human behavior as a subject of learning, and reprised earlier beliefs of the unfettered control of the mind and consciousness. Proponents of this school of thought proposed that humans could interact with environmental and natural stimuli to learn certain behaviors. Thereby, classical conditioning […]

The emergence of several challenges in the healthcare landscape today has led to the prominence of the role of the nurse as an advocate. Whether working as a nurse manager, at the point of care or as a nursing educator, the nursing professional is today presented with a plethora of scenarios that require them to advocate for patients, the profession and even the institution. These […]

The fundamental principles of social inequality theories are that resources are unevenly distributed, through norms of allocation, which engender along specific categories of individuals. The guiding proposition of the social inequality models is the differentiation in access of social goods or services in the society brought about by various elements such as class, gender, power, ethnicity, kinship, and sexual orientation among others.  In particular, social […]

There have been a number of recommendations to initiate early skin to skin contact (SSC) between newborn infants and their mothers. Such recommendations have emerged from reputed sources including the WHO, giving them significance worth considering for nurses. They are based on the pretext that early SSC of the mother and the newborn has several positive effects on breastfeeding including initiation and sustenance. Other proposed […]

The use of capital punishment in any criminal justice system around the world is a deeply contentious issue. There are many who oppose the use of the death penalty, largely on moral grounds and religious beliefs. Nevertheless, there are also a good number that supports the use of the same, arguing that the punishment is reserved for the most heinous and conscienceless crimes like murder […]

Corruption is a major social and economic problem in the world today. Though the levels of corruption differ across different societies, there is consensus that there is a bit of it in most places around the world. There are many definitions given to corruption depending on the perspective with which it is approached. In social circles, it is defined as a social evil that leads […]

The use of discretion is a popular principle in law enforcement. It refers to the autonomous actions of law enforcement officers in a policing situation (McCartney, 2015). Law enforcement officers are presented with multifarious situations on a daily basis that require professional discretion. This includes basic decisions such as making arrests, collating a certain kind of evidence or which suspects to question in an incident. […]

As part of its ongoing efforts to ensure patients receive better care, the Center for Medicaid Services eliminated the long-standing presumption on its payment rules. Ideally, it was presumed that hospitals do everything possible to prevent complications during the treatment procedures for inpatients and that the taxpayer and individuals should solely bear costs when complications occurred (Milstein, 2009). In this context, the CMS announced that […]

The Impact of Ethics and Moral Development Within the realms of cultural origins, there is a significant variance in individual values, as people have different values influencing the way they see and understand things. Most people have several values and often apply them simultaneously in the context of their lives. In the context of leadership, leaders have an obligation towards those they lead to set […]

(a). Discuss the decision behind American Airlines developing and implementing value pricing to gain more market shares. In 1992, American Airline (AA) came up a pricing strategy in its airline fare pricing known as value pricing. The decision was made following a complaint by the airlines customers seeking to cut down losses and operation costs. Additional factors that resulted to the development, introduction and implementation […]