Health Promotion Disease Prevention Plan

Obesity is a condition in which an individual accumulates too much fat in his body and that fat starts causing negative effects on his or her body. Obesity affects people from all the age groups. Among children, the condition has been increasing due to the changes in feeding behavior and also the change in lifestyle (Chen, & Yang, 2012). Obesity is responsible for a number of deaths in United States. The condition is also a major health burden to the health care system.  From the survey that was conducted in 2013, it was considered to be the third leading killer disease in United States and Fifth in the world (Alobaid, Alsadoon, Eltawil, and Wells, 2015). There is a lot of controversy surrounding the most efficient way of dealing with obesity. Bariatric surgery is one of the methods applied for reducing excess fat in bodies of those suffering from obesity. Obesity is measures using Body Mass Index scale. According to World Health Organization (WHO), any person with a BMI above 30 is obese. In United States, 66.3 percent of adults are overweight and 32.2 percent are obese. Prevalence of morbid type of obesity is estimated to be 5.1 percent (World Health Organization, 2014).

There are two methods of dealing with obesity. One of them is non-surgical method and surgical method. A non-surgical method includes behavior change where one has to control his diet, avoid taking food with too much calories, do physical exercises, and also practicing psycho-intervention. The other form of non-surgical method of dealing with obesity is pharmacotherapy which can be done under organization supervision or without supervision depending with the seriousness of the condition. The two methods of non-surgical control achieves very little and they take longer time to realize changes. They also display transient effects with a poor long term effects. The increase in number of people living with obesity and poor response of non-surgical methods to control of obesity triggered the use of surgical methods to control obesity. In the year 1991, the guidelines for surgical therapy were set aside by the National Institute of Health as a way to morbid obesity. The process is currently known as the bariatric surgery. In the year 2008, 220,000 bariatric operations were carried out in the US and Canada only. The only way to control the increasing number of cases of obesity among children is by conducting a health promotion disease prevention plan to educate people on the ways of preventing obesity among children by keeping their bodies within the recommended body weight.

Health promotion against obesity

Project Plan Map

[to be done by the student]

Goals and objectives

Our goal is to see a world where obesity is reduces and with time it will be a story of the past. To see a healthy nation that is free from obesity. This will be achieved by educating people on the most effective ways to prevent obesity and also through partisanship with medical practitioners to get the best treatment methods. To educate the society on the best methods of controlling body weight and fat content in the body (Medical Research Council, 2011). We will also educate them to educate others so that the information can spread as far as possible. Our objective is to make everyone aware of obesity and to provide them with the correct information on prevention and treatment.

Education on Methods of Treatment and Prevention

Non-Surgical treatment

The non-surgical treatment will be administer to children and youths for class one obesity. The health specialists will advise the patient on the best treatment which is well tolerated and most effective. The individuals who are seeking to lose their body weight and reduce fat content in their body should start with non-surgical treatment therapy. Surgical process will only take place if non-surgical methods will not help them to attain sufficient long-term loss of weight within the specified period of time. Surgical therapy will also be administered to people who have class I obesity (Cohen, Pinheiro, Schiavon, Salles, Wajchenberg, Cummings, 2012). The use of surgical method is the only way that can help them in attaining a durable solutions of their problem. The group undertaking non-surgical therapy will be encouraged to continue with the exercise. This is because, if they terminate the exercise, they will find themselves getting back to the same position as they were for a period between one and two years. Losing weight is much harder compared to gaining weight for many people. We will also encourage the group taking non-surgical control method to have a systematic review of a number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs are programs that include diet, pharmacotherapy, exercise, and behavior therapy (Chen, & Yang, 2012). All this measures have been tested and they are found to cause weight loss of between 2 to 6 Kilograms within a duration of one year or a few months. When one is not careful and does not follow the procedure as directed by the physician. The entire program may end up taking more than one year.

In previous practices that have been carried out on a group of people concerning the use of bariatric medicine, They have shown a remarkable achievement where the individuals involved show a remarkable weight loss and a state they have been able to maintain for quite a long period of time. Before one opts to go through the surgical treatment for obesity, it is always good to go through the non-surgical control and test whether his body will respond positively to those therapies. An adequate trial on non-surgical treatment should always be considered before one is recommended to undertake surgical treatment for obesity. When the non-surgical treatment fails, the person should be aware that he or she is face by a serious problem that can affect his or her life expectancy. The person should therefore seek an alternative treatment that is effective and durable to enable him to overcome the problem. The best solution for such a person is bariatric surgery.

Bariatric Surgery for Class I Obesity

Research has been carried out by different scholars and health bodies to prove that bariatric surgery is safe and efficient for patients who have met NHI criteria. Most of these research clearly show that patients who go through surgical treatment benefit from weight loss and co-morbidity (Alobaid, Alsadoon, Eltawil, and Wells, 2015). Majority of those who have benefited from this type of treatment are patients who find themselves in the low end of the set criteria. All those who carried out the research showed an improvement for patients who went through this type of therapy. The use of surgical therapy was also recorded to have a positive impact on patients who are diabetic (Higgins, 2012). Majority of these patients tend to gain a lot of weight because their bodies cannot control the levels of sugar in an effective manner. For those studies that focused on surgery for patients with type 2 diabetes, they reported a positive effects on the control of glycemic as well as the control of diabetes reemission rates. The data was captured in the report of researchers who were focusing on patients with higher level BMI (Alobaid, Alsadoon, Eltawil, and Wells, 2015). The research also showed that all the patients who were at risk of cardiovascular attack benefited from the surgical therapy.

The use of surgical therapy has a number of advantages. A person who has been unable to control his body fat and weight can safely achieve it within a short period of time. The accumulation of fats in the body puts one at a risk of cardiac arrest and heart failure (Higgins, 2012). The body cannot function in a proper manner and the loosing that excess weight and body fat becomes a challenge. It is therefore important to sensitize people on ways of controlling their body fat and weight so that they can increase their life expectancy.

Implementation of Health Promotion Program

First, we would begin by organizing public events to promote the campaign on fighting obesity and reducing the chances of going through bariatric surgery.  The events will include public meet up. We will target schools where we will train school children on how to keep their body healthy by actively participating in games and sports as well as checking on their diets. We will also approach youths in schools and in colleges. Parents will be educated during school meetings and on other social gatherings such as churches. By educating them, they will later spread the campaign in their homes making everyone aware of obesity, how to calculate it by measuring both weight and height as well as the prevention measures they would take to make sure that for them and their family members, they are safe and free from becoming obese.

            The other most effective way to do our campaign is use of the online platforms. We would post our fliers on the pages with the name CONTROL BODY WEIGHT. We would get as much followers as possible by motivating our friend to join and invite their friend who would invite their friends. This would be the most effective way since the internet make our world a one global village. The campaign through social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter would spread faster, reach more people within a wide range, all over the world. People would ask questions and they would get answered immediately on media platform.

Use of Motivational Materials

For motivation purposes, we would print out t-shirts and caps with a clear message of keeping our bodies safe by watching our weight. The caps and t-shirts will be given out to school children for wearing during their games and sports time. We will give them out to the people who attend our meet up and encourage them to wear them frequently. This would make sure the people read and get the message. The t-shirts and caps would act as travelling bill boards. The people wearing them will also take responsibility of explaining to the people the aim of our campaign. They would educate people to educate other people. The same t-shirts and capes would have the website link to our social media platform pages where people can post questions and get them answered. They can also find more learning materials on the website.

            The other materials that we would print are fliers. We would place them on walls and on posts.  We would seek permissions from the authority to place them on social places like markets, schools, supermarkets, and bus stations. This would make people aware of the prevention measures for malaria. The information that we would include to our printed materials include our message. Our campaign name and the prevention measures listed below in large fonts. The information would be short and precise. An example of one statement would be, watch your weight, Eat healthy stay healthy, and let’s fight obesity. Such a statement communicates what we intend our people to know.

Apart from the verbal campaigns, we will participate in events that will help in prevention of obesity. We will use this events to demonstrate to the people the best practices that will help them in controlling their weight and fat content in their bodies. One of the public events that we would participate is organizing sports and games for children, youths and parents. We would select some of the areas where the health report from the health department shows there is a large number of children who are obese. Areas where most of the people are middle class are the most affected and we will also give them priority. We will make arrangements with the games and sports department of those areas so that we can engage as much people as possible to in our program and to maintain a culture where people will put their health under control especially their body weight and body fat. The games and sports department will be expected to support us with the necessary gears the use in organizing the events and bringing people together so that they can learn and spread the knowledge gained to their family and friends.

            The other public participation event we will get involved in is house to house campaign. We will show people how to keep their body fit by consuming food with less calories and fat content. We will also show them how to conduct indoor practices that will help them maintain healthy bodies. The process will help in reducing the fat content in the body and also helping those who are already obese to reduce body content without necessarily going through the surgical process. We will show them how to feed their children with healthy food so that they can grow healthy. This will help them to keep their body weight within the healthy range. We will also show people how to do simple body exercise such as rope skipping and jogging in their homes. This are the most effective measures of maintaining a healthy body.

Education Materials.

            We will print small size fliers and folds. These flies will have all the detailed information on the ways to control our body weight and fat content. We will distribute this material to as many people as possible. We will encourage sharing of this materials. When one is through with reading them, he or she will be expected to help his friends so that they can learn as well. This fliers and folds will also be shared online on our social media pages. They will be shared in form of portable document formats to enable people to download them and to read them from their electronic gadgets.

Evaluation.

            Evaluation of the implementation of the project will be measured by collection of data and analysis of data, provided by the heath bodies on different areas. We will make direct comparison on the data released annually by the World Health Organization and health departments of different parts of the country to check the progress and the effectiveness of our project. Reduction in number of people with obesity and obesity related deaths such as heart attack will be a great achievement for our project.

Summary.

            The main motivation of caring out this project was to fight obesity through the use of both surgical (bariatric surgery) and not surgical methods to make obesity a story of the past. I made observations on the data provided by the World Health Organization on deaths caused by obesity related conditions and diseases and I saw that there was need to initiate a project aimed at fighting obesity by educating people on how to control it. There are many deaths caused by obesity yet it can be prevented (Ogden, Li, Freedman, Borrud, Flegal, 2011). The only thing that is lacking is awareness. Training people on ways to prevent obesity will help in reducing the number of deaths.

The main obstacle in this project is language barrier. This will be dealt with by educating part of a given society and then, the group will educate others in the language they understand. The same group will help us in writing the fliers in their native languages that the people of a given area can understand best. By putting this measures into consideration, we will win the fight against obesity.

References

Abbatini, F., Capoccia, D., Casella, G., Coccia, F., and Leonetti, F., Basso, N. (2012). Type 2 diabetes in obese patients with body mass index of 30–35 kg /m2: sleeve gastrostomy versus medical treatment. Surgery Obesity Related Disorders; 8:20–4.

Alobaid, H. Alsadoon, A. Eltawil, K., M. and Wells, G., A. (2015). Bariatric Surgery for Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Obes Weight Manag Control 2(2): 00011. DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2015.02.00011

Cohen, R. Pinheiro, J., C., Schiavon, C., A. Salles, J., E. Wajchenberg, B., L. Cummings, D., E. (2012) Effects of gastric bypass surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes and only mild obesity. Diabetes Care; 35:1420–8.

Higgins, J., P., T, et al. (Eds.). (2012). Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, UK.

Li, Q. Chen, L. Yang, Z, et al. (2012). Metabolic effects of bariatric surgery in type 2 diabetic patients with body mass index of 35 kg/m². Diabetes Obesity Metabolism; 14:262–70.

Ogden, C., L., Li. Y., Freedman, D., S., Borrud, L., G., Flegal, K., M. (2011) Smoothed percentage body fat percentiles for U.S. children and adolescents, 1999-2004. Natl Health Stat Report 1(43): 1-7.

World Health Organization (WHO). (2014). Overweight and Obesity. Factsheet no.311: World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.